Ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol as potent modulators on arsenic induced toxicity in mitochondria
Abstract
Arsenic exists ubiquitously in our environment and various forms of arsenic circulate in air, water, soil and living organisms. Since arsenic compounds have shown to exert their toxicity chiefly by generating reactive oxygen species, we have evaluated the effect of antioxidants ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol on lipid peroxidation, antioxidants and mitochondrial enzymes in liver and kidney of arsenic exposed rats.
A significant increase in the level of lipid peroxidation and decrease in the levels of antioxidants and in the activities of mitochondrial enzymes were observed in arsenic intoxicated rats.
Co-administration of arsenic treated rats with ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol showed significant reduction in the level of lipid peroxidation and elevation in the levels of ascorbic acid, alpha-tocopherol, glutathione and total sulfhydryls and in the activities of isocitrate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, NADH-dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase.
From our results, we conclude that ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol alleviate arsenic- induced alterations in mitochondria.
See also:
- The Di Bella Method (A Fixed Part - Vitamin C/Ascorbic Acid, 2–4 grams per day, orally);
- Solution of retinoids in vitamin E in the Di Bella Method biological multitherapy;
- The Di Bella Method (A Fixed Part - Alpha tocopheryl acetate/Vitamin E);
- All-Trans-Retinoic Acid (ATRA - analogues and/or derivatives).