Abstract
Acromegaly resulting from the ectopic secretion of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) is rare.
We present a case of acromegaly secondary to proven GHRH-secretion by a bronchial carcinoid tumor in a type 1 diabetic subject and document the clinical course pre- and post-resection of the tumor and of subsequent octreotide therapy.
A 54-year-old Caucasian man was referred for evaluation of acromegalic symptoms and significantly increased insulin requirements. He had a history of left lung surgery 20 years prior for hemoptysis.
Initial laboratory results indicated acromegaly. Fasting serum growth hormone (GH): 26.1 ng/mL (0-5 ng/mL), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1): 635 ng/mL (87-283 ng/mL), GH at 60 min post-ingestion of 75 grams of oral glucose during a glucose tolerance test: 8.3 ng/mL (normal < 1 ng/mL).
Pituitary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed diffuse pituitary enlargement without adenoma. A 4.4 cm left hilar mass was noted on chest computed tomography (CT) scan. Further evaluation for a suspected GHRH-secreting neuroendocrine tumor was pursued. Plasma GHRH level was elevated: 198 pg/mL (<50 pg/mL).
Octreoscan showed radiolabelled-octreotide uptake in the left lung mass and pituitary gland. Surgical resection of the lung mass was performed. Immunohistochemical study of the tumor tissue indicated a neuroendocrine tumor secreting GHRH.
Postoperatively, serum GHRH, GH and IGF-1 levels fell precipitously.
At 10 months, IGF-1 levels were mildly elevated and 7 months of 10 mg long-acting octreotide therapy (Sandostatin(®) LAR(®)) was trialed. At 20 months, off octreotide, serum IGF-1 levels had normalized, acromegalic features were receding, and the patient's daily insulin requirements had decreased by 57%.
See also:
- Somatostatin in oncology, the overlooked evidences;
- The Di Bella Method (A Fixed Part - Somatostatin, Octreotide, analogues and/or derivatives);
- Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: clinical records on 17 patients treated with Di Bella's Method;