Clinicopathologic correlation of vitamin D receptor expression with retinoid X receptor and MIB-1 expression in primary and metastatic osteosarcoma

Abstract

Vitamin D, in addition to its effects on bone, is important in cell cycle regulation. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) has been identified in breast, prostate, and colon cancers, as well as in canine and human osteosarcoma (OS) cell lines; however, it has not been well investigated in human OS-archived specimens.

We correlated VDR, retinoid X receptor (RXR), and MIB-1 (Ki-67) expression in 110 archived OS cases with several clinicopathologic parameters including patient's age, sex, tumor location, tumor grade, and type and metastatic status.

The expression of VDR and RXR was identified in human OS tissue obtained from primary and metastatic OS archival tissue.

No statistically significant difference was found in VDR expression in relation with tumor grade, type, age, sex, or location. The expression of RXR was highest in higher-grade (P = .0006) and metastatic tumors but remained unchanged when correlated with tumor type, age, sex, or location.

The expression of MIB-1 was statistically elevated in higher-grade tumors (P = .001), patients 25 years or younger (P = .04), tumors located in extremities (P = .005), and metastatic lesions, but was not impacted by tumor type or patient's sex.

Proliferative activity was significantly reduced after treatment, as the mean MIB-1 expression dropped from 11% in primary biopsy samples to 6% in resection specimens.

There appears to be a relationship between proliferative tumor activity and tumor grade, location, and metastasis.

Additional studies on the analysis of the effects of vitamin D and RXR on OS proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation are critical to further evaluate their potential role in OS treatment.

About this publication.

See also:

- Vitamin D (analogues and/or derivatives) and cancer;

- All-Trans-Retinoic Acid (ATRA - analogues and/or derivatives);

- Solution of retinoids in vitamin E in the Di Bella Method biological multitherapy;

- Congenital fibrosarcoma in complete remission with Somatostatin, Retinoids, Vitamin D3, Vitamin E, Vitamin C, Melatonin, Calcium, Chondroitin sulfate associated with low doses of Cyclophosphamide in a 14-year Follow Up;

- The Di Bella Method (DBM) in the treatment of prostate cancer: a preliminary retrospective study of 16 patients and a review of the literature;

- Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: clinical records on 17 patients treated with Di Bella's Method;

- The Di Bella Method Increases by the 30% the survival rate for Pancreas tumors and for this reason should be proposed as first line therapy for this type of cancer;

- A case of advanced Multiple Myeloma treated with Di Bella Method (DBM) into total remission for 13 years;

- Somatostatin, retinoids, melatonin, vitamin D, bromocriptine, and cyclophosphamide in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients with low performance status;

- Somatostatin, retinoids, melatonin, vitamin D, bromocriptine, and cyclophosphamide in chemotherapy-pretreated patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma and low performance status;

- Observations on the Report of a case of pulmonary adenocarcinoma with lymph node, hepatic and osseus metastasis;

- Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of the first-line treatment with somatostatin combined with melatonisn, retinoids, vitamin D3, and low doses of cyclophosphamide in 20 cases of breast cancer: a preliminary report;

- The Di Bella Method (DBM) improved survival, objective response and performance status in a retrospective observational clinical study on 122 cases of breast cancer;

- Complete objective response to biological therapy of plurifocal breast carcinoma.