Published on Friday, 10 May 2024
Abstract
Purpose: Low vitamin D levels have been associated with musculoskeletal pain, cancer pain, chronic postoperative pain, and post-traumatic pain. However, their association with postoperative pain after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery has not been explored. The aim of this study was to examine the association between vitamin D levels and postoperative pain after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.
Patients and methods: This study enrolled 194 adult patients who underwent elective non-cardiac thoracic surgery in Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital from February 2021 to June 2021. Following application of the exclusion criteria, 135 patients who underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery were included in the final analysis. The primary outcome was the incidence of acute postoperative moderate-severe pain. Secondary outcomes included C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels in the immediate postoperative (48 hours) period, as well as pain scores at 3 months after surgery. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between vitamin D levels and acute postoperative moderate-severe pain.
Results: Among 135 patients, 54.1% were categorized as having a low vitamin D level ( < 30 nmol/L). On multivariable analysis, patients with a low 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25[OH]D) level had a higher risk of postoperative moderate-severe pain (odds ratio, 2.44; 95% confidence interval, 1.181-5.041; P = 0.016) when compared to patients with a sufficient 25(OH)D level. Static and dynamic pain scores at 3 months after surgery, as well as serum levels of CRP, IL-1, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α were not significantly different between patients with low and sufficient 25(OH)D levels.
Conclusion: Patients with low vitamin D levels are at a higher risk of acute moderate-severe pain after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.
Trial registration: ChiCTR2100052380.
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See also:
- Official Web Site: The Di Bella Method;
- The Di Bella Method (A Fixed Part - Dihydrotachysterol, Alfacalcidol, synthetic Vitamin D3);
- Vitamin D (analogues and/or derivatives) and cancer - In vitro, review and in vivo publications;
- The Di Bella Method (A Fixed Part - Calcium, 2 grams per day, orally);
The Di Bella's Method: Use of Vitamin D analogues and/or derivatives - together with others chemical compounds - in several Oncological Pathologies:
- The Synergism of Somatostatin, Melatonin, Vitamins Prolactin and Estrogen Inhibitors Increased Survival, Objective Response and Performance Status In 297 Cases of Breast Cancer;
- Complete objective response, stable for 5 years, with the Di Bella Method, of multiple-metastatic carcinoma of the breast;
- Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of the first-line treatment with somatostatin combined with melatonin, retinoids, vitamin D3, and low doses of cyclophosphamide in 20 cases of breast cancer: a preliminary report;
- The Di Bella Method (DBM) improved survival, objective response and performance status in a retrospective observational clinical study on 122 cases of breast cancer;
- Complete objective response to biological therapy of plurifocal breast carcinoma;
- A retrospective observational study on cases of anaplastic brain tumors treated with the Di Bella Method: A rationale and effectiveness;
- Recurrent Glioblastoma Multiforme (grade IV – WHO 2007): a case of complete objective response achieved by means of the concomitant administration of Somatostatin and Octreotide – Retinoids – Vitamin E – Vitamin D3 – Vitamin C – Melatonin – D2 R agonists (Di Bella Method – DBM) associated with Temozolomide;
- The Di Bella Method DBM improved survival objective response and performance status in a retrospective observational clinical study on 23 tumours of the head and neck;
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Long-Lasting Remission with Combination of Cyclophosphamide, Somatostatin, Bromocriptine, Retinoids, Melatonin, and ACTH;
- Somatostatin, retinoids, melatonin, vitamin D, bromocriptine, and cyclophosphamide in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients with low performance status;
- Somatostatin, retinoids, melatonin, vitamin D, bromocriptine, and cyclophosphamide in chemotherapy-pretreated patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma and low performance status;
- Observations on the Report of a case of pulmonary adenocarcinoma with lymph node, hepatic and osseus metastasis;
- Pleural Mesothelioma: clinical records on 11 patients treated with Di Bella's Method;
- Malignant pleural mesothelioma, stage T3-T4. Consideration of a case study;
- Excellent result in a Mesothelioma case treated exclusively with Di Bella Method for over 4 years and still treatment with positive results;
- A case of advanced Multiple Myeloma treated with Di Bella Method (DBM) into total remission for 13 years;
- Neuroblastoma: Complete objective response to biological treatment;
- Cyclophosphamide plus Somatostatin, Bromocriptin, Retinoids, Melatonin and ACTH in the Treatment of Low-grade Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas at Advanced Stage: Results of a Phase II Trial;
- Relapse of High-Grade Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma After Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case Successfully Treated With Cyclophosphamide Plus Somatostatin, Bromocriptine, Melatonin, Retinoids, and ACTH;
- Low-grade Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma at Advanced Stage: A Case Successfully Treated With Cyclophosphamide Plus Somatostatin, Bromocriptine, Retinoids, and Melatonin;
- The Di Bella Method (DBM) improved survival, objective response and performance status in a retrospective observational clinical study on 55 cases of Lymphomas;
- Large B-cells Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Stage IV-AE: a Case Report;
- Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Stage III-B-E: a Case Report;
- Oesophageal squamocellular carcinoma: a complete and objective response;
- Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: clinical records on 17 patients treated with Di Bella's Method;
- The Di Bella Method Increases by the 30% the survival rate for Pancreas tumors and for this reason should be proposed as first line therapy for this type of cancer;
- The Di Bella Method (DBM) in the treatment of prostate cancer: a preliminary retrospective study of 16 patients and a review of the literature;
- A retrospective observational study on cases of Osteosarcomas treated with a multitherapy: The rationale and effectiveness;
- A Retrospective Observational Study on Cases of Sarcoma Treated with the Di Bella Method: Rationale and Effectiveness;
- Congenital fibrosarcoma in complete remission with Somatostatin, Retinoids, Vitamin D3, Vitamin E, Vitamin C, Melatonin, Calcium, Chondroitin sulfate associated with low doses of Cyclophosphamide in a 14-year Follow Up.